External authors

Carlos De Sousa

Carlos de Sousa joined Bruegel in August 2012 as a Research Assistant. He is an Economist from Venezuela specialized in Macroeconomics, he holds a Master degree in Macroeconomics Policy and Financial Markets from Barcelona Graduate School of Economics (UPF/UAB), with a MSc thesis on optimal sovereign default decision making. He has a Bachelor degree in Economics at Universidad Central de Venezuela in Caracas, with a thesis on speculative bubbles.

Before joining Bruegel, he worked as a macroeconomic analyst at Ecoanalitica (at private consultancy firm in Caracas) where he was covering the evolution of the sovereign credits and macroeconomic conditions of Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Jamaica and Panama.

Carlos’ main research interests include macroeconomics, international economics, behavioral economics and public choice. He is fluent in English and Spanish.

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External Publication

Analysis of developments in EU capital flows in the global context

This report reviews the key theoretical foundations underlying the benefits and risks of net capital flows, in particular large, persistent inflows or outflows, and the significance of gross flows and their composition. 

By: Zsolt Darvas, Carlos De Sousa, Pia Hüttl, Silvia Merler and Thomas Walsh Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: January 13, 2015
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Blog Post

Chart of the week: IMF forecasts euro area inflation to stay well below 2% target for years to come

The IMF recognizes that given the bleak outlook for the euro area real economy, if the ECB continues with its relatively hawkish monetary policy approach it will take 5 years for inflation to converge to just 1.5%.

By: Marco Antonielli and Carlos De Sousa Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: October 14, 2014
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Blog Post

Economic curriculum reform: why do we need it?

High-level policymakers and student groups from numerous universities around the world are pushing for a economic curriculum reform to bring the so called “dismal science” closer to the real world and introduce pluralism into its educational system.

By: Carlos De Sousa Topic: Digital economy and innovation Date: September 19, 2014
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External Publication

Austerity and Poverty in the European Union

This study provides to the Committee for Employment and Social Affairs of the European Parliament with an analysis of the speed and composition of fiscal consolidation strategies. It describes major social developments in Europe, with a focus on poverty, and considers and interprets the links between fiscal consolidation measures and social developments.

By: Zsolt Darvas, Carlos De Sousa, Pia Hüttl, Alessio Terzi and Olga Tschekassin Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: September 14, 2014
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Blog Post

Charts of the week: mind the widening gap between the euro area and the UK/US

We show how the euro area (EA) is lagging behind its two major advanced economy counterparts in a few key macroeconomic variables. 

By: Marco Antonielli, Silvia Carrieri, Carlos De Sousa and Michele Peruzzi Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: April 29, 2014
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Blog Post

The calm after the storm: developments in Cyprus’ banking sector

At present there is calm after the storm; despite having less stringent restrictive measures than almost a year ago, the banking system remains stable. Though dealing with mounting non-performing loans remains the biggest financial challenge.

By: Carlos De Sousa and Daehyeon Kim Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: March 28, 2014
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Blog Post

A year since Cyprus

It is still too early to conclude that the Cyprus programme will be successful, particularly in terms of enabling the country to regain market access in a timely manner for a clean exit. But it can be said that so far so good: the programme is broadly on track with respect to conditionality compliance and the macroeconomic outcomes have been better than expected.

By: Carlos De Sousa Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: March 19, 2014
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External Publication

European Parliament

The Troika and financial assistance in the euro area: successes and failures

This study was presented to the ECON committee of the European Parliament.It provides a systematic evaluation of financial assistance for Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Cyprus. All four programmes, and in particular the Greek one, are very large financially compared to previous international programmes.

By: André Sapir, Guntram B. Wolff, Carlos De Sousa and Alessio Terzi Topic: European Parliament, Macroeconomic policy Date: February 19, 2014
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Blog Post

A broader view on EU data protection

The data protection of EU citizens has been in focus ever since the surge in espionage scandals that began with the leaks from Edward Snowden. But besides having plenty of coverage from the political and legal standpoint, not so much attention has been given to the economic perspective surrounding this matter.

By: Carlos De Sousa and Reinhilde Veugelers Topic: Digital economy and innovation Date: January 8, 2014
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Blog Post

Easing now or later?

There is almost no doubt that the ECB will need to loosen up its monetary stance a bit more, the question is when to do so?

By: Carlos De Sousa Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: November 18, 2013
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Blog Post

Cut the EU red tape

Besides the fact that anyone with some common sense would probably agree that excessive regulation hampers business and can be a drag on growth, the reactions toward the UK's Business Taskforce report, 'Cut EU red tape', have been mixed.

By: Carlos De Sousa Topic: Macroeconomic policy Date: October 18, 2013
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Blog Post

Recent real effective exchange rate movements (summer 2013 database update)

We have updated the monthly database up to July 2013, which is downloadable form the website of the working paper.

By: Zsolt Darvas and Carlos De Sousa Topic: Global economy and trade Date: August 13, 2013
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